Valsts pārvaldē strādājošo atalgojums pēdējā laikā ir viens no centrālajiem jautājumiem debatēs, kas skar valsts finanšu izlietojumu. Neskatoties uz to, ka pastāv zināmas domstarpības par to, kam alga valsts pārvaldē ir par lielu, bet kam – par mazu, šķiet, ka visi ir vienisprātis – viena no galvenajām problēmām ir arī atalgojumu nesamērība dažādās valsts institūcijās.
Viens no iemesliem tam, kāpēc šāda situācija ir radusies, ir tas, ka šobrīd valsts un pašvaldību institūcijās darba samaksas jomā pastāv dažādi normatīvie regulējumi – gan likumi, gan Ministru kabineta noteikumi. Tie paredz atšķirīgus darba samaksas noteikšanas pamatprincipus un nesniedz skaidru un saprotamu priekšstatu par reālā atalgojuma apmēru. Arī daļai neatkarīgo institūciju, kas saņem finansējumu no valsts budžeta, darba samaksas noteikšanai pastāv savs regulējums.
Rezultātā atalgojuma noteikšanā nav vienotas pieejas un netiek nodrošināts arī šī procesa caurspīdīgums, jo patlaban grūti spriest, kurā iestādē atlīdzība par padarīto darbu aprobežojas vien ar algu, bet kurā tai papildus nāk arī dažādi darba devēja nodrošināti labumi – veselības apdrošināšana, piemaksas, pabalsti un kompensācijas.
Tieši šīs situācijas risināšanai Finanšu ministrijā ir sagatavots jauns likumprojekts par vienotu valsts un pašvaldību institūciju amatpersonu un darbinieku atlīdzības sistēmu. Tā izstrādes mērķis ir atlīdzības sistēmas sakārtošana, padarot to saprotamu un caurskatāmu. Vienā likumā paredzēts apvienot visu regulējumu, kas attiecas uz darba samaksu un sociālām garantijām, atrunājot vienotus principus gan valsts, gan pašvaldību institūciju amatpersonu un darbinieku atlīdzības noteikšanā.
Likumprojekts paredz divu veidu mēnešalgas noteikšanas metodes. Neatkarīgo iestāžu vadītājiem tiks piemērota koeficientu sistēma ar piesaisti valstī strādājošo darba samaksai. 2010. gadam mēnešalgu noteikšanai plānots pielietot Centrālās statistikas pārvaldes oficiālajā statistikas paziņojumā publicēto valstī strādājošo mēneša vidējās darba samaksas apmēru 2009. gada pirmajā pusē, kas ir 471 lats.
Savukārt valsts pārvaldes iestāžu, neatkarīgo iestāžu darbinieku, tiesu varas iestāžu darbinieku mēnešalgu regulēs MK noteikumi. Arī valsts uzņēmumu vadītāju atalgojumu regulēs MK noteikumi, maksimālo algu nosakot atbilstoši pašreizējam valsts uzņēmumu iedalījumam īpaši lielajos, lielajos, vidējos un mazajos uzņēmumos.
Nevienam valsts sektorā un pašvaldībā strādājošajam 2010. gadā likumprojekts neparedz algas palielināšanu, gluži pretēji – jaunā atalgojuma skala daudziem vadošajiem amatiem paredz būtisku maksimālā iespējamā atalgojuma samazināšanu. Tas izriet no valdības līdzšinējiem lēmumiem. Pagājušās nedēļas beigās valdībā tika panākta gala vienošanās par to, ka turpmāk augstākā alga valsts sektorā, kurai būs pakārtotas visas pārējās valsts un pašvaldību iestādēs strādājošo algas, būs Ministru prezidenta alga jeb 1908 lati. Tāpat ir arī lemts ministriju centrālajos aparātos samazināt mēnešalgu diapazonu – starpību starp minimālo un maksimālo algu katrai attiecīgās algu grupas kvalifikācijas pakāpei.
Valsts pārvaldē strādājošajiem turpmāk vairs netiks paredzēta ceļa izdevumu kompensācija nokļūšanai uz darbu, bērnu piedzimšanas pabalsts, pabalsts ģimenes locekļa nāves gadījumā, samazināts arī mācību maksas kompensācijas un citu pabalstu un kompensāciju apmērs.
Likumprojektā atrunāti gadījumi, kādos turpmāk valsts pārvaldes darbiniekiem tiks paredzētas speciālās piemaksas par: diplomātisko rangu, speciālo dienesta pakāpi, darbu īpašos apstākļos, kas saistīts ar paaugstinātu risku amatpersonas un darbinieka drošībai vai veselībai (piemēram, AIDS vai tuberkulozes ārstniecības iestādēs, cietumos, Valsts tiesu medicīnas ekspertīzes centrā, saistībā ar organizētās noziedzības apkarošanu, karavīriem u.c.), ar darba specifiku saistītiem nosacījumiem.
Viens no būtiskākajiem vienotās algu sistēmas aspektiem ir tās attiecināšana arī uz pašvaldību darbiniekiem, ietverot nosacījumu, ka pašvaldību darbinieku mēnešalga nedrīkstēs pārsniegt mēnešalgu maksimālos apmērus, kādi ir noteikti līdzīgas sarežģītības un atbildības amatiem valsts iestādēs. Tas nozīmē, ka turpmāk atlīdzības jautājumā tiks iedzīvināts princips „viena valsts pārvalde – viens algu likums”, kas līdz šīm diemžēl darbojās ne vienmēr.
Šobrīd darbs pie likumprojekta izstrādes valdībā ir noslēdzies, par tā pieņemšanu vēl lems Saeima. Plānots, ka jaunā algu sistēma stāsies spēkā 2010. gada 1. janvārī. Sīkāk ar valdībā apstiprināto likumprojektu var iepazīties Finanšu ministrijas mājas lapā: http://www.fm.gov.lv/?lat/aktualitates/jaunumi/49596.
Inga Ošiņa, Finanšu ministrijas Valsts sektora darba samaksas politikas nodaļas vadītāja
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